Rain
The woodchip will rob nitrogen from the soil for as long as it is visibly there, wood chip has a carbon to nitrogen ratio of about 500 : 1 and the bacteria and microbes in the soil that break it down need a ratio of about 30 : 1, so unless you add lots of high nitrogen manure like pigeon or chicken muck to it there will be a big imbalance, its best used for path ways and the like.
Trev ;D