Seed germination temperatures
From Allotments4All
Germination temperatures
- Agerium (70 to 80 ºF or 21 to 27 ºC )
- Annual Alyssum ( 70 ºF or 21 ºC )
- Asparagus (50-85 ºF or 10 to 30 ºC)
- Beans, Bush or String ( 60 to 80 ºF or 15 to 27 ºC )
- Beans, Lima ( 65 to 80 ºF or 19 to 27 ºC )
- Beet ( 50 to 60 ºF or 10 to 15 ºC )
- Begonia ( 65 to 70 ºF or 19 to 21 ºC )
- Broccoli ( 50 to 85 ºF or 10 to 30 ºC )
- Cabbage ( 50 to 85 ºF or 10 to 30 ºC )
- Carrot ( 50 to 85 ºF or 10 to 30 ºC )
- Cauliflower (40 to 80 ºF or 4 to 27 º C )
- Celery (40 to 70 ºF or 4 to 21 º C )
- Coleus ( 70 to 80 ºF or 21 to 27 º C )
- Corn ( 65 to 85 ºF or 19 to 30 º C )
- Cucumber ( 70 to 80 ºF or 21 to 27 ºC )
- Eggplant ( 70 to 80 ºF or 21 to 27 ºF )
- Lettuce ( 40 to 75 ºF or 4 to 24 ºC )
- Impatiens ( 60 to 70 ºF or 15 to 21 ºC )
- Marigold ( 70 to 75 ºF or 21 to 24 ºC )
- Melons ( 70 to 80 ºF or 21 to 27 ºC )
- Onion ( 50 to 85 ºF or 10 to 30 ºC )
- Pansy ( 70 ºF or 21 ºC )
- Parsley ( 50 to 85 ºF or 10 to 30 ºC )
- Parsnips (35 to 85 ºF or 3 to 30 ºC)
- Peas ( 40 to 75 ºF or 4 to 24 º )
- Peppers ( 70 to 80 ºF or 21 to 27 ºF )
- Pumpkins ( 60 to 95 ºF or 15 to 35 ºC )
- Radish ( 50 to 85 ºF or 10 to 30 ºC )
- Salvia ( 70 ºF or 21 ºC )
- Spinach ( 40 to 75 ºF or 4 to 24 ºC )
- Squash ( 70 to 85 ºF or 21 to 30 ºC )
- Swiss Chard ( 40 to 95 ºF or 4 to 35 ºC )
- Tomato ( 70 to 80 ºF or 21 to 27 ºF )
- Turnips ( 40 to 105 ºF or 4 to 40 ºC )
- Verbena ( 70 ºF or 21 ºC )
- Vinca ( 75 to 80 ºF or 24 to 27 ºC )
- Watermelons ( 60 to 105 ºF or 15 to 40 ºC )
- Zinnia ( 80 ºF or 27 ºC )
Legend ^ stands for slow and irregular germination Beside Germ Days: L stands for needs light Beside Germ Days: D stands for needs darkness Beside Sow Depth: JC stands for just barely cover Beside Sow Depth: S stands for scatter - don't cover
==Annuals, Perennials and Bulbs== Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Abarema GP 7-56 70-75 Peaty 1/4" To scarify, rub between emery paper. Abelmoschus HHA 15-30 75-80 Well drained 1/16" Soak 1 hr in lukewarm water before sowing. Abutilon HHSh 21-30 ˆ 70-80 Peaty JC Acacia HHSh 21 70-80 Well drained 1/16" See No. 13. Soak in warm water for 4 hours. Acaena HP 30-100 ˆ 50-60 Well drained 1/4" Acanthus HP 21-25 50-55 Peaty 1/4". Achillea HP 30-100 L ˆ 60-65 Well drained S Reduce soil temperature at night. Achimenes GP 21-30 65-75 Well drained S See No. 5. Seed is very small. Acnistus HHSh 21-42 55-65 Well drained 1/16" Aconitum HP 5-270 L ˆ 55-60 Well drained 1/16" See Nos. 6 14. Place in fridge for 6 wks. Actaea HP 30-365 ˆ 55-60 Well drained JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 6-8 weeks). Actinidia HP 60-90 ˆ 50 Well drained 1/8" Male/Female flowers on separate plants. Adansonia GSh 21-365 ˆ 70-80 Peaty 1/16" Soak in hand hot water. See No. 13. Adenanthera GSh 30-90 70-75 Well drained JC See No. 13. Soak in hot water. Adenium GSh 7-14 L 65-70 Verywelldrained JC Adenophora HP 30-90 ˆ 50-55 Well drained S Adonis HA, HP 30-120 ˆ 60-65 Well drained JC Aechmia GP 7-90 L ˆ 60-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Aethionema HP 30-90 ˆ 60-65 Well drained JC Agapanthus HHP 30-90 60-65 Well drained JC Agastache HP 30-90 55 Well drained 1/16" Agave GP 30-90 L ˆ 55 Well drained S Ageratum HHA 10-14 L 70-75 Well drained S Agrostemma HA 14-21 55-65 Well drained 1/8" Can be sown in situ Alchemilla HP 21-30 60-70 Well drained 1/8" Allium HBb 30-365 L 50 Well drained JC See No. 14. Place in fridge for 4 weeks. Aloe GP 30-180 L 70 Well drained S Alonsoa HHA 14-21 60 Well drained 1/16" Cover seed with silver sand. Alpina GP 30-90 70-75 Peaty 1/8" Alstroemeria HP 30-365 ˆ 65-70 Peaty 1/16" See No. 13. Soak in warm water, sow singly in pots. Alyssum HA 7-14 L 55-75 Peaty S Annuals can be sown in situ. Amaranthus HHA 10-15 70-75 Peaty 1/16" Amaryllis HHBb 21-70 ˆ 65-75 Peaty 1/16" Do not dry off in first yr after sowing. Ammi HHA 7-21 55-65 Well drained 1/16" Ammobium HHA 10-15 60 Well drained 1/16" Anacampseros GP 30-90 L ˆ 65-70 Well drained S Anacyclus HP 30-60 L ˆ 55-60 Well drained JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks.) Anagallis HHA 30-42 50-65 Well drained 1/8" Anaphalis HP 30-60 55-65 Well drained JC Anchusa HA, HP 7-30 70 Well drained 1/16" Can be sown in situ Androsace HP 30-365 ˆ 50-55 Well drained S See No. 16. Anemone HP 28-180 ˆ 65-70 Well drained JC See No. 6. Anemonopsis HP 30-18O L ˆ 55-60 Well drained S Sow in lime free compost. Anigozanthus GP 30-90 L 60-65 Peaty S See No. 5. Anoda HHA 14-21 55-65 Well drained 1/4" Can be sown in situ Antennaria HP 30-69 55-60 Well drained JC Just cover with silver sand. Anthemis HP 0-14 70 Well drained S Anthericum HP 30-90 50 Well drained 1/8" Anthriscus HP, HB 14-21 55-65 Well drained 1/4" Usually sown in situ Anthyllis HP 30-60 50 Well drained 1/8" See No. 13. Soak in warm water overnight. Antigonon GP 21-30 65-70 Well drained JC Antirrhinum HHA 10-21 L 65-75 Peaty S Aphyllanthes HP 21-56 ˆ 55-60 Peaty JC Aquilegia HP 30-90 L ˆ 65-75 Well drained S See No. 6 or 14. Pre-chill 3 wks. Keep below 70°F Arabis HP 20-25 L 70 Well drained S Can be sown in situ. Arachis GA 7-21 70-75 Peaty 1/4" Sow, cover with plastic until germination. Araujia HHSh 90-180 ˆ 75-80 Well drained JC Arctotis HHA 21-35 60-70 Well drained JC Ardisia GSh 90-180 75 Well drained 1/4" Arenaria HP 15-30 55-65 Well drained S Argemone HA 14 65-70 Well drained 1/8" Can be sown in situ Arisaema HP 30-180 L ˆ 55-60 Well drained JC Aristea GP 30-90 ˆ 55-60 Well drained JC Aristolochia GSh 30-90 ˆ 75-85 Peaty S See No. 13. (Soak 48 hrs in hand hot water). Armeria HP 14-21 60-70 Well drained JC See No. 13. (6-8 hours in hand hot water). Arnica HP 25-30 55 Well drained JC Likes an acid sandy soil. Artemisia HP 30-60 L 60-65 Well drained S Arum HP 30-l80 ˆ 55-65 Peaty 1/8" Aruncus HP 30-90 55-65 Peaty S Asarina HHP 14-21 L 65-70 Well drained S Asarum HP 7-30 60-65 Well drained 1/16" Sow as soon as possible. Asclepias GP, HP 30-90 ˆ 50-75 Peaty 1/16" See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3-4 weeks). Asparagus GP 21-30 60-70 Peaty 1/4" Soak then chip. See Nos. 12 and 13. Asperula HA 30-42 L 50 Well drained 1/16" Sow in situ or No. 14. (Pre-chill 2 wks). Asphodeline HP 30 ˆ 70-75 Well drained JC Aster HHA 10-14 65-70 Well drained 1/16" Pre-chill perennials 2 wks see No. 14. Astilbe HP 40-80 65 Peaty S See No. 5. Astrantia HP 30-180 L ˆ 55-65 Well drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 weeks). Atriplex HA 9-21 50-55 Well drained 1/16" Can be sown in situ Atropa HP 21-30 50 Well drained 1/16" Aubrieta HP 14-21 L 65-75 Well drained S See No. 5.
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Baileya HHP 7-30 60-65 Well drained JC Balsamorrhiza HP 14-42 60-65 Well drained 1/16" Banana (Musa) GP 7-180 ˆ 70-80 Peaty 1/2² See No. 2. Banksia HHSh 30-90 ˆ 65-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Baptisia HP 7-10 70-75 Well drained 1/4" Soak then chip. See Nos. 13 and 12. Basil HHA 7-10 60-70 Well drained 1/16" Can be sown situ Bauhinia GSh 21-42 75-85 Peaty 1/4" See No. 13. (Soak 48 hours in hand hot water). Beaufortia HHSh 14-60 L 55-65 Peaty S See No. 5. Beaumontia GSh 7-30 70-75 Peaty 1/16" Begonia HHP 15-60 L ˆ 70-80 Peaty S See No. 5. Fibrous 70-75°F, tuberous 65-70°F. Belamcanda HP 14-60 ˆ 60-86 Well drained See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 7 days). Bellis HB 10-15 L 70 Peaty 1/16" Reduce soil temperature at night. Beloperone GP 30-180 L ˆ 70-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Bergenia HP 30-180 ˆ 60-70 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 2 weeks). Berlandiera HHP 30-90 L 60-70 Well drained S Beta HB 14-21 55-65 Well drained 1/4" Usually sown in situ. Bignonia GP 30-90 ˆ 60-70 Peaty S Billadiera HHP 30-60 55 Sandy peat JC Billbergia HHP 7-90 L 60-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Biscutella HHA 14-21 55-65 Well drained JC Can be sown in situ. Bixa GT 30-180 ˆ 75-80 Peaty Blandfordia HHP 30-90+ ˆ 60-70 Sandy peat JC Bletilla HHP 30-365 L ˆ 65-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Boea GP 20-60 L ˆ 70-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Boronia GSh 30-60 L 65-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Brachycombe HHA 10-18 70 Well drained JC Brimeura HBb 30-60 ˆ 60-65 Sandy peat JC Bromeliads GP 7-90 L ˆ 60-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Browellia GP 14-21 L 75 Peaty S See No. 5. Brunfelsia GP 30-90 ˆ 70-80 Well drained JC Bulbinella H/HHBb 30-90 ˆ 55 Well drained JC Bupthalmum HP 14-30 L 70-75 Well drained S
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Cacti GP 5-180 L ˆ 75-80 Peaty S See No. 9. Caesalonia HhSh 14-120 ˆ 75-80 Well drained 1/4" See No. 13. (Soak 48 hours in hand hot water). Calandrinia HHA 5-14 55-60 Well drained 1/8" Can be sown in situ Calceolaria GB 14-21 L ˆ 65-75 Peaty S Outdoor varieties keep temp below 60°F. Calendula HA 10-14 D 70 Any 1/4" Sow in situ, or autumn for winter greenhouse Calibanus GP 30-120 L ˆ 70-80 Peaty S Calliopsis HA 14 60-65 Well drained 1/8" Can be sown in situ Callirhoe HP 30-180+ L ˆ 50 Well drained S Can be sown in situ or a cold frame. Callistemon HHSh 14-60 L 55-65 Peaty S See No. 5. Caltha HP 30-90 ˆ 55-60 Peaty 1/16" Keep compost slightly moist. Camassia HBb 30-180 ˆ 55-60 Well drained 1/16" Campanula HP, HB 14-28 L 60-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Campsis HHSh 30-90 ˆ 70-75 Well drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 2 months). Canarina GP 30-180 ˆ 65-75 Well drained JC Candytuft HA, HP 10-15 68-85 Well drained 1/4" Can sow in situ. Perennials (60-65°F) slow/irregular. Canna HHP 21-60 ˆ 70-75 Peaty 1/4" See Nos 12 13, chip and soak for 48 hours. Capsicum GA 21-30 L 70-75 Peaty S Cardiocrinum HBb 90-730 ˆ 50 Peaty 1/16" See No. 6. Cardiospermum HHA 21-30 65-70 Well drained 1/2" Carica GSh 30-120 ˆ 75 Peaty 1/8" See No. 13. (Soak for 40 hours). Carlina HP 30-60 L 55-60 Well drained S Carthamus HA 12-18 55-65 Well drained 1/4" Can be sown in situ Cassia GSh 7-90 70-75 Well drained 1/8" See No. 12. Casuarina GT 30-90 65 Well drained JC Catananche HP 21-25 65-75 Well drained 1/16" Catharanthus GA/HHA 15-20 D 70-75 Peaty 1/8" Celosia GA 10-15 L 70-75 Well drained JC Don't sow early - likes warmth. Centaurea HP, HA 7-14 D 60-70 Well drained 1/16" Centranthus HP 21-30 60-70 Well drained JC Can be sown in situ. Cephalaria HP 21-60 55-65 Well drained 1/4" Can be sown in situ. Cephalilitrum HHA 14-21 65-75 Well drained JC Cerastium HP 5-10 60 Well drained 1/16" Ceratotheca HHA 8-14 70-75 Well drained 1/8" Cerinthe HHA 7-14 60-65 Well drained 1/16" Can be sown in situ Cheiranthus HB 14-21 65-75 Well drained 1/8" Sow in reserve bed, prick out to 6", plant in Oct. Chelidonium HP 30-365 ˆ 55-65 Well drained 1/8" See No. 16. Chelone HP 14-42 55-65 Well drained 1/16" Needs good drainage. Chiastophyllum HP 30-60 55 Well drained S Seeds very small. Chionodoxa HBb 30-90 ˆ 55 Well drained 1/4" Chlorogalum HBb 30-90 ˆ 55-80 Well drained 1/8" See No. 6. Chrysanthemum HA, HP 10-18 60-70 Peaty 1/8" Sow annuals in situ. HPs reduce night temp Cimicifuga HP 30-365 ˆ 55-60 Well drained 1/16" Cineraria GP 14-21 L ˆ 70 Well drained JC Cirrhopetalum GP 30-180 L ˆ 65-70 Well drained S Cirsium HP 15-18 70-75 Well drained 1/8" Cissus GSh 30-180 ˆ 70-75 Well drained JC Cladanthus HA 30-35 70-75 Well drained JC Clarkia HA 21 - Well drained 1/4" Best sown in situ, for sturdier plants. Claytonia HA 14-21 65-70 Well drained 1/8" Clematis HP 30-270+ ˆ 70-75 Well drained 1/8" See Nos. 6 16. Cleome HHA 10+14 L 70-75 Well drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 2 weeks). Clerodendrum GSh 21-60 ˆ 70-75 Well drained 1/8" Clianthus GSh 14-42 65-70 Well drained 1/16" See No. 13. Clintonia HP 30-90 55-60 Sandy peat JC Keep compost always just moist. Clitoria GP 15-20 70-75 Well drained 1/16" See Nos. 12 and 13. (Chip and soak 24 hrs). Clivia GP 7-21 80-85 Peaty 1/4" Sow immediately. See No. 3. Cobaea HHA 21-30 70-75 Well drained 1/16" Stick the seed vertically into the compost. Coccoloba GSh 10-21 65-70 Well drained 1/4" See No. 13. (Soak for 24 hours). Codonopsis HP 7-42 L 60-70 Slighty acid S Coffea GSh 42-56 L 75 Peaty S See No. 2. (Soak for 48 hours). Colchicum HBb 30-365 ˆ 55-65 Peaty 1/8" See No. 16. Coleus HHP 10-20 L 65-75 Peaty S Indoors, warm with plenty of bright light. Collinsia HHA 14-21 - Well drained 1/4" Best sown in situ, thin out to 6'. Collomia HA 21 - Well drained 1/8" Best sown in situ, thin out to 6". Columnea GP 30-120 L ˆ 72-75 Peaty S Commelina HHP 30-37 70 Well drained 1/8" Conophytum GP 10-40 L ˆ 75-80 Well drained S Convallaria HP 60-365+ L ˆ 50-60 Well drained JC See No. 16. Convolvulus HA 5-14 70-80 Well drained 1/8" Chip (12) or soak (13) the seeds. Cordyline GP 30-90 75-80 Peaty 1/16" See No. 13. (Soak 10 mins in hand hot water). Coreopsis HP 20-25 L 55-70 Well drained S Annuals can be sown In situ Correa HHSh 30-90 ˆ 65-72 Well drained JC Cortaderia HP 14-21 L 60-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Corydalis HP 30-60 L 50-60 Well drained S Cosmos HHA 5-10 68-86 Well drained 1/8" Can be sown in situ Cotula HHA 14-42 50 Well drained 1/16" Crambe HP 21-42 - Well drained 1/2" Best sown In situ. Craspedia HHA 14-30 70-75 Peaty 1/8" Can be sown in situ. Crepis HA 5-14 70-80 Wed drained JC Crocosmia HP 30-90 55-60 Well drained 1/16" Crocus HBb 30-180 ˆ 55-65 Well drained 1/8" Crossandra GP 25-30 L ˆ 75-80 Peaty S See No. 5. Crotalaria GSh 21-30 65-75 Well drained 1/16" See No. 13. (Soak for 2 hours) Cryptostegia GCI 30-90 ˆ 65-75 Well drained 1/16" See No. 13. (Soak for 2 hours) Cunonia GSh 30-60 70-75 Peaty 1/16" Cuphea HHP 8-10 L 70 Peaty S Cyananthus HP 14-60 L 60-65 Peaty S See No. 5. Cycad GP 30-90 ˆ 70-75 Well drained Half bury the seed lengthwise. Cyclamen GP 30-60 D ˆ 55-60 Peaty 1/4" Keep moist and in total darkness. Cyclamen HP 30-18O D ˆ 55-60 Peaty 1/4" See No. 6. Cynara HP 14-30 50-55 Well drained 1/8" Can be sown In situ. Cynoglossum HA 5-10 D 65-75 Peaty 1/4" Cyperus HHP 25-30 70-75 Peaty JC Keep the compost slightly moist. Cyphomandra GP 20-25 70-75 Peaty 1/16" Cyphostemma GP 30-60 ˆ 70 Well drained 1/4" See No. 13. (Soak for 2 hours). Cypripedium HP 30-365 L ˆ 65-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Difficult outside the laboratory. Cyrtanthus GP 30-90 ˆ 55-65 Peaty S Keep the compost slightly moist
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Dahlia HHA 5-20 65-70 Peaty 1/16" Do not let the compost dry out. Darlingtonia HP 30-90 ˆ 75-80 Peaty S Do not let the compost dry out. See No. 5. Datura HHSH 21-42 55-65 Well drained 1/8" Delonix GT 30-90 ˆ 75-85 Peaty 1/16" See No. 13. (Soak for 24 hours). Delosperma HHP 10-40 L 75 Well drained S Delphinium HP 14-28 D ˆ 50-55 Peaty 1/16" High temps cause dormancy. See No. 14 Pre-chill 2 wks. Desmodium GA 30-90 75-80 well drained 1/16" Dianella H/HHP 30-90 65-70 Well drained 1/16" Dianthus HHA, HP 14-21 60-70 Well drained JC Diascia HHA 14-30 60 Well drained JC Dicentra HP 30-180 L ˆ 55-60 Well drained JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 6 weeks). Dichorisandra GP 7-60 70-75 Peaty JC Dictamnus HP 30-180 ˆ 55-60 Well drained See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4-8 weeks). Didymocarpus Gp 14-56 L ˆ 65-70 Well drained S Dierama HP 30-180 L ˆ 60-65 Well drained S See No. 5. Dietes HHP 30-90 ˆ 50-60 Well drained JC Digitalis HP, HB 15-20 L 60-65 Peaty S Can be sown in situ. Dimorphotheca HHA 10-15 L 60-70 Peaty JC Dionaea GP 30-90 L ˆ 75-80 Peaty S See No. 5. Dioon GP 30-90 ˆ 70-75 1/2 peat, 1/2 sand 1/4" See No. 2. Dioscorea HP 21-36 70-75 Peaty 1/8" Diplarrhena HP 30-90 55-65 Well drained JC Diplolaena GSh 30-150 L ˆ 7-8O Peaty JC Dipsacus HB 4-30 - Well drained 1/4" Best sown in situ Disporum HP 30-180+ L ˆ 55-65 Well drained JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 6 weeks). Dizygotheca HHSh 20-30 L 70 Peaty S Dodecatheon HP 90-365 60-70 Well drained 1/16" See No. 6. Dolichos HHA 14-30 70 Well drained 1/16" See No. 13. Doronicum HP 15-20 L 70 Well drained S Reduce soil temperature at night Doryanthes HHP 30-60 65 Peaty JC See No. 13. (Soak for 3 hours). Draba HP 30-90 ˆ 55 Well drained JC See Nos. 6 and 14. Dracaena GSh 30-180 L ˆ 75-85 Well drained S Keep the compost slightly moist Dracunculus HP 30-180 ˆ 55-65 Peaty JC Keep the compost slightly moist Drosera GP 30-90 L 55-65 Peaty S See No. 5. Dryas HP 50-180 ˆ 60-70 Well drained JC See No. 6. Duchesnia HP 30-90 L ˆ 55-65 Well drained JC Duranta GSh 30-60 70-75 Peaty JC
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Eccremocarpus HP 30-60 ˆ 55-60 Well drained JC Cover the seed slightly with silver sand Echeveria HHP 21-90 L ˆ 55-65 Well drained JC Echinacea HP 10-21 L 70-75 Peaty 1/8" Reduce soil temperature at night. Echinops HP 15-60 65-75 Peaty 1/16" Echium HA 7-14 70 Well drained 1/4" Can be sown in situ. Edraianthus HP 30-60 L 55-65 Well drained 1/16" Egg Plant GA 10-21 ˆ 70 Peaty 1/8" Keep the compost slightly moist Emilia HHA 8-15 70 Well drained 1/16" Epilobium HP 14-30 50-60 Well drained 1/8" Episcia GP 25-40 L 70-80 Peaty S Seeds dust like. See also No. 5. Eranthis HBb 30-365 ˆ 60-68 Well drained 1/16" See No. 6 and 14. Eremurus HP 30-365 L ˆ 55-65 Well drained JC See No. 16 Erica GP 30-120 L ˆ 60-70 Acid Peat S See No. 5. Erigeron HP 15-20 55 Well drained S Erinus HP 20-25 65-75 Well drained S Eriobotrya HHSh 30-180 ˆ 50 Well drained JC See No. 13. (Soak for 24 hours). Eriophyllum HP 14-42 - Well drained 1/8" Best sown outdoors and transplanted. Eryngium HP 5-90 L ˆ 65-75 Well drained S See No. 6. Erysium HP 14-30 - Well drained 1/4" Sow in situ. Erythrina HHSh 10-15 70-75 Peaty 1/8" See No. 13. (Soak for 24 hours). Erythronium HBb 30-365 ˆ 50-60 Well drained 1/8" See No. 6. Eschscholtzia HA 14-21 60-65 Well drained 1/4" Resents transplanting, best sown in situ. Eucalyptus HHSh, HT 14-90 ˆ 70-75 Peaty S Sow seed/chaff together. See No. 14. Pre-chill 4 wks. Eucnide HHA 21-30 60-70 Well drained 1/8" Eucomis GBb 20-25 70-75 Peaty 1/16" Eupatorium HP 30-90 ˆ 55 Well drained JC Euphorbia HHA,HP,GSh10-15 ˆ 70-80 Well drained 1/4" Pre-chill HPs 7 days, soak 2 hrs. Lime-free compost. Eustoma HHP 10-21 L 68-77 Well drained S Exacum GA 15-20 L 70-75 Peaty S Seed dust like. See No. 5.
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Fascicularia HHP 30-120 L ˆ 60-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Fatsia HHSH 15-20 70-75 Peaty 1/4" Keep the compost slightly moist. Faucaria GP 14-30 ˆ 60 Well drained JC Just cover with sharp sand. Feijoa HHSH 21-42 55-60 Peaty 1/16" Rinse seeds 3 times before sowing. Felicia Amelloides HHP 30 55-60 Well drained JC See No. 14. (Place in fridge for 3 weeks). Felicia BergerianaHHA 30 70 Well drained JC Ferns HP, GP 30-180 L 65 Peaty S See No. 4. Ficus GSh 15-90 L ˆ 70-80 Peaty S See No. 5. Filipendula HP 30-90 55-60 Well drained JC Flower Lawn HP 30-180 L ˆ 55-65 Well drained S See Nos. 6 or 16. F.Cabbage Kale HB 14-21 70-75 Peaty 1/8" Can be sown in situ Foeniculum HP 10-14 D 65 Well drained 1/8" Dislikes transplanting, sow in situ. Francoa HHP 14-30 L ˆ 50-55 Peaty S See No. 6. Freesia HHBB 25-30 ˆ 65-75 Peaty 1/4" See No. 7. Fritillaria HBb 330-540 ˆ 55-M Peaty 1/16" See No. 6. Fuchsia GP 21-90 L ˆ 70-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Soak in rainwater 3-4 days. Keep moist.
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Gaillardia HP, HHA 15-20 L ˆ 70-75 Peaty S Reduce soil temperature at night. Galega HP 14-60 - Well drained 1/4" Best sown outdoors and transplanted. Galtonia HBb 15-20 ˆ 70 Peaty 1/16" Gardenia GSh 25-30 70-75 Peaty 1/8" Use a lime free compost (Ericaceous). Gaura HHA 14-30 65-75 Well drained 1/16" Gazania HHA 8-21 D 60-65 Well drained 1/8" Gentiana HP 14-180 D ˆ 70-75 Lime free JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 2 months). Gentianopsis HA 21-30 L - Well drained S Sow outdoors and thin. Sensitive to root disturbance. Geranium HHP 3-21 ˆ 70-75 Well drained JC Geranium HP 30-90 ˆ 50 Well drained JC See No. 6. Gerbera GP 15-25 L 70-75 Peaty JC Sow sharp end down, don't cover completely. Gesneria GP 14-21 L 70-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Geum HP 21-28+ ˆ 65-70 Peaty 1/16" Reduce soil temperature at night. Gilia HA 17 - Well drained 1/8" Sow outdoors and thin out. Glaucidium HP 30-90 ˆ 50-55 Peaty JC Glaucium HA 14-21 D 60-65 Well drained JC Transplant carefully, best sown In situ. Globularia HP 10-30 L 55 Well drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Gloriosa HHBb 30 70-75 Peaty 1/16" Gloxinia GP 15-30 L ˆ 65-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Gnaphalium HP 14-21 L 60-70 Well drained S Godetia HA 7-14 60-65 Well drained 1/4" Can be sown in situ Gomphrena HHA 6-8 L 70-75 Well drained JC Gourds HHA 15-29 80 Peaty 1/4" Can also treat as No. 5. Grass Tree HHP 30-180 L ˆ 65 Peaty S See No. 4. Grasses HP, HHA 10-90 L ˆ 60-75 Peaty S Grevillea HHSh 20-25 L 75-80 Well drained S See No. 13. (Soak for 24 hours). Gunnera HP 14-60 ˆ 70-80 Peaty 1/16" Guzmania GP 7-90 L ˆ 60-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Gypsophila hA, HP 10-15 ˆ 70 Peaty JC
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Hacquetia HP 30-180 ˆ 55 Well drained JC See No. 16. Haemanthus GBb 7-42 60-65 Peaty JC Haplopappus HP 21-30 60-70 Well drained 1/8" Hardenbergia HHP 30-90 ˆ 55-65 Well drained 1/8" See No. 13. (Soak for 24 hours). Harpephyllum GP 10-30 70-75 Peaty 1/4" See No. 13. (Soak for 24 hours). Haworthia HHP 21-60 L 60-65 Well drained JC Hedychium HHP 20-25 70-75 Peaty 1/16" See No. 13. (Soak for 2 hours). Hedysarum HP 14-42 55-65 Well drained 1/16" Helenium HP 7-10 70 Peaty 1/16" Can be sown in situ. Reduce soil temp at night. Helianthemum HP 15-20 70-75 Well drained S See No. 5. Helianthus HA 10-14 70-85 Peaty 1/4" Can be sown in situ. Helichrysum HHA 7-10 L 65-75 Well drained S Heliophila HHA 14-21 60-65 Well drained 1/16" Heliopsis HP 10-15 70 Well drained 1/16" Heliotropium HHP 14-42 ˆ 65-75 Well drained 1/16" Helipterum HA 14-20 65-75 Peaty 1/16" Can be sown in situ Helleborous HP 30-545 ˆ 60-65 Well drained See No. 6. May need 2 winters outdoors to germ Hemerocallis HP 21-49 60-70 Well drained 1/8" See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 6 weeks). Hemiphora GP 30-120 ˆ 70-75 Peaty JC Hepatica HP 30-360 L 50-55 Well drained JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Heracleum HP 30-90 - Well drained 1/4" Sow in situ. See No. 6. Herniaria HP 10-12 70 Well drained JC Hesperis HB 20-25 L 70-85 Peaty S Can be sown in situ. Reduce soil temp at night. Heuchera HP 10-60 L ˆ 65-70 Well drained S Hibiscus HHP, GA 15-30 ˆ 75-80 Peaty 1/16" Chip and soak. See Nos. 12 13. Hieracium HP 21-30 50-60 Well drained JC Hippeastrum HHBB 30-42 75 Pemy 1/8" Hollyhock HA, HP 10-12 L 60-70 Peaty S Can be sown in situ. Holmskioldia GSh 30-90 ˆ 60-65 Well drained JC Hosta HP 30-90 ˆ 50 Peaty 1/16" Keep compost slightly moist. Humulus HP 25-30 70-75 Well drained 1/4" Can be sown in situ. Hunnemannia HHA 15-20 70-75 Well drained 1/16" Can be sown in situ. Makes a nice pot plant. Hutchutinsia HP 14-30 - Well drained 1/4" Sow in situ. Hyoscymus HB, HA 14-42 - Well drained 1/8" Sow in situ. Hypericum HSh 30-90 ˆ 50-55 Well drained JC Hypoestes GP 10-21 70-75 Well drained JC Hyssopus HP 14-42 60-70 Peaty 1/16"
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Iliamna HP 30-360 L ˆ 55-65 Well drained 1/16" See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Impatiens HHA 21-30 L ˆ 70-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Keep humidity high until germination. Incarvillea HP 25-30 55-65 Well drained S See No. 5. Indigofera HHSh 30-90 ˆ 50 Well drained 1/8 See No. 13. (Soak for 24 hours). Inula HP 14-42 55-65 Well drained 1/16" Can be sown in situ Ionopsidium HA 14-21 55-60 Well drained 1/16" Sow in situ. Ipomaea HHA 5-21 ˆ 70-85 Peaty 1/4" Chip and soak. See Nos. 12 and 13. Iris HP 30-545 ˆ 60-70 Peaty 1/4" See No. 6. May take two winters outdoors. Isatis HB 14-42 50 Well drained 1/16" Sow in situ. Ixiolirion HBb 30-90 ˆ 50 Well drained 1/16" Ixora GSh 30-120 ˆ 70-75 Well drained 1/16" See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks).
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Jacaranda GSh 10-15 70-85 Peaty JC Jacobaea HA 8-21 60-65 Well drained 1/8" Jacobinia GP 30-180 ˆ 75-80 Peaty 1/8" See No. 13. soak for 24 hours). Jasione HP 10-21 70 Well drained JC Jatropha GP 30-120 ˆ 65-75 Well drained 1/16" Jovellana H/HHSh 30-90 ˆ 60-50 Well drained S
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Kalanchoe GP 7-30 L ˆ 65-75 Weil drained S Likes good air circulation. Kallstroemia HHA 14-21 ˆ 60-65 Well drained JC Kaulfussia HA 21-30 - Well drained 1/4" Best sown in situ. Thin to 6". Kentranthus HP 21-40 65-70 Well drained JC Kirengeshoma HP 30-300 55-65 Peaty JC Keep compost uniformly moist. Knautia HP 10-21 - Well drained 1/4" Best sown in situ Thin to 6". Kniphofia HP 10-30 70-75 Peaty 1/4" Reduce soil temperature at night Kochia HHA 10-15 L 70-75 Well drained S
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Lagerstroemia HHSh 15-20 L 70 Well drained S See No. 5. Lagunaria GT 30-180 ˆ 68-70 Peaty 1/8" See No. 13. (Soak for 2 hours). Lamium HP 30-60 65-70 Well drained JC Lampranthus HHP 15-30 D 65-75 Well drained JC Lantana HHP 42-60 ˆ 70-75 Peaty 1/8" See No. 13. (Soak 1 day in hand hot water). Lapageria HHP 30-90 ˆ 70-75 Peaty 1/8" See No. 13. (Soak 3 days, change water 3-5 times/day) Lapeirousia HBb 30-90 ˆ 55-60 Well drained 1/8" Larkspur HA 14-21 D 50-55 Peaty 1/16" See No. 14. Pre-chill 2 wks. High temps cause dormancy Lasthenia HA 17-21 - Well drained 1/8" Best sown in situ Thin to 4". Lathyrus HP 20-30 ˆ 55-65 Peaty 1/4" Soak or chip the seeds. See Nos. 12 or 13. Lavatera HA, HB, HP15-20 70 Peaty 1/16" Lavender HSh 21-90 ˆ 55-65 Well drained JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4-6 weeks). Lawrencellida HHA 21-30 L 65-75 Well drained S Layia HA 8-30 70-75 Well drained 1/8" Leea GP 30-90 ˆ 75-80 Well drained 1/8" See No. 13. Leontopodium HP 10-42 L ˆ 50 Well drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Leptosiphon HA 17-21 55-65 Well drained 1/16" Best sown in situ. Leptospermum HHSh 30-180 ˆ 60 Peaty 1/16" Leptosyne HA 6-12 L 60-65 Peaty 1/8" Leschenaultia GSh 30-120 ˆ 60-70 Well drained JC Lewisia HP 365+ L ˆ 50 Well drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 5 weeks). Liatris HP 20-25 55-75 Well drained JC Reduce soil temperature at night. Libertia HP 30-180 ˆ 50 Well drained 1/8" See No. 6. Ligularia HP 14-42 ˆ 55-65 Peaty S Keep compost slightly moist. Lilies HBb 30-365 ˆ 65-75 Peaty JC See No. 10 for more details. Limnanthes HA 14-21 60 Well drained 1/16" Can be sown in situ Limonium HP, HHA 10-20 D 65-70 Well drained JC Suworowii needs total darkness to germinate. Linanthus HA 17-21 - Well drained 1/8" Sow outdoors and thin out. Linaria HP 10-15 55-60 Well drained JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Linum HP 20-25 65 Well drained 1/8" Best sown in situ. Lisianthus HHP 10-21 L 68-77 Well drained S Lithops GP 10-40 L ˆ 75-80 Well drained S Lobelia HHA,HHP 15-20 L ˆ 65-75 Well drained S Perennial seeds in frig 3 mos (See No. 14). Lomatia HHSh 30-180 ˆ 60-65 Well drained 1/8" Lonas HA 5-7 D 70 Well drained JC Can be sown in situ Lotus HHP 14-30 ˆ 55-65 Well drained JC Transplant into 3" pots. Luculia HHSH 30-60 ˆ 55-60 Well drained JC Lunaria HB 10-14 70 Well drained 1/8" Can be sown in situ Lupin HP 15-60 D ˆ 55-65 Well drained 1/8" Soak or chip the seeds. See Nos. 12 or 13. Lychnis HP 21-30 L 70 Well drained S See No. 12. (pre-chill for 2 weeks). Lysichitum HP 30-60 ˆ 55-65 Peaty 1/4" Keep compost saturated by standing in water. Lysimachia HP 30-90 ˆ 55-65 Peaty S Keep compost moist. Lythrum HP 15-30 65-70 Peaty JC
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Macropidia GP 30-90 L 60-65 Peaty S See No. 5. Malope HA 14-30 65-75 Peaty JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Malva HP 5-21 70 Peaty 1/16" Mandeville HHSh 14-30 65-75 Well drained JC Sow in 1/2 sand and 1/2 peat. Mandragora HP 50-60 55-60 Peaty 1/8" Marigold HHA 5-14 70-75 Peaty JC Matricaria HP 5-21 L 65-75 Well drained S Reduce soil temperature at night. Maurandia HHP 14-21 65-70 Well drained 1/16" Meconopsis HP 14-28 ˆ 55-65 Peaty S Keep slightly moist. See also No. 5. Melia GT 30-180 ˆ 55 Well drained 1/8" Melianthus HHSh 30-180 ˆ 70-75 Peaty 1/16" Mentzelia HA 5-21 55-60 Well drained JC Mertensia HP 30-60 ˆ 55-60 Well drained 1/16" See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). MesembryanthemumHHA 15-20 D 65-75 Well drained S Metrosideros HHSh 30-90 ˆ 60-60 Peaty 1/16" Mimosa GP 21-30 L ˆ 70-75 Well drained S See No. 13. Soak 20 mins almost boiling water. Mimulus HHP, HP 7-21 L 70-75 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill 3 weeks). Then No. 5. Mina HHP 20-25 70 Well drained 1/4" Chip and soak. See Nos. 12 and 13. Mirabilis HHA 7-21 L 70 Well drained S Moluccelia 21-35 L ˆ 60 Well drained JC Pre-chill 5 days then 40°F temp. nights Momordica HHA 14-21 65-75 Peaty 1/8" Sow seeds singly in 3' pots. Monarda HP 10-40 60-70 Peaty JC Reduce soil temperature at night. Moraea HHBb 30-90 ˆ 55-60 Well drained 1/8" Morina HP 14-42 50 Peaty 1/16" Mucuna GP 21-90 65-75 Peaty 1/4" Muscari HBb 42-60 60-65 Well drained 1/16" Mutisia H/HHSh 30-90 ˆ 70 Well drained 1/16" Myosotidium H/HHP 30-180 ˆ 65-70 Peaty 1/16" Myosotis HB 14-30 D 65-70 Peaty S See No. 5 but keep in total darkness. Myrrhis HP 14-42 55-65 Well drained 1/8" Can be sown in situ
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Naranjilla GP 10-30 ˆ 70-80 Peaty 1/16" Nasturtium HA 7-12 65 Well drained 1/4" Best sown in situ Nemesia HHA 7-21 55-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Nemophila HA 7-21 55 Well drained 1/16" Can be sown in situ. Neperrthes GP 30-90 ˆ 75-85 Peaty S Don't let compost dry out. See No. 5. Nepeta HP 7-21 60-70 Well drained JC Can be sown in situ. Nerine HHBb 14-21 65-70 Well drained S Sow immediately, keep moist, cover with plastic. Nerium GSh 30-90 L ˆ 65-75 Peaty S Nertera GP 30-90 D ˆ 65-70 Well drained SC See No. 8. Nicandra HA 15-20 70-75 Well drained JC Nicotiana HHA 10-20 L 70-75 Well drained S Nierembergia HHP 15-30 ˆ 70-75 Well drained JC Nigella HA 10-15 65-70 Well drained 1/16" Best sown in situ. Resents transplanting. Nolana HHA 14-30 60-70 Well drained 1/16" Can be sown in situ. Nomocharis HBb 30-180 L ˆ 45-50 Well drained JC See No. 16 Notholirion H/HHBb 30-180 L ˆ 45-50 Well drained JC See No .16
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Ocimum HA 14-42 L 55-60 Well drained S Oenothera HP 15-30 L 65-70 Well drained JC Reduce soil temperature at night. Omphalodes HP 14-42 65-75 Well drained 1/8" Onopordon HP,HB 30-60 55-60 Well drained 1/4" Can be sown in situ. Onosma HP 30-60 50 Well drained 1/16" Orchid GP 90-365 L ˆ 65-75 Well drained S Orchis HBb 90-365 L ˆ 65-75 Well drained S Ornithogalum GBb 30-180 ˆ 55-60 Peaty 1/16" See No. 6 Orphium GSh 21-42 L 65-70 Well drained S Osteospermum HHA,HP 10-15 L 60-65 Well drained JC Oxalis HBb 14-60 55-68 Well drained JC
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Pachypodium GP 30-180 L ˆ 65-75 Well drained S Paeonia HP 365+ L ˆ 50-60 Well drained JC See No. 16. Keep shaded and moist. Palms GP 60-180 ˆ 75-80 Peaty 1/4" See No. 2 Pansy HP 14-21 D ˆ 65-75 Well drained 1/16" See No. 14. (Pre-Chill for 2 Weeks.) Papaver HP 10-30 D 55 Well drained S Best sown in situ - P.Orientale needs light to germ. Paradisea HP 30-180 ˆ 50 Well drained 1/16" See No. 6 Parnassia HP 30-180 ˆ 55-65 Peaty S Keep water in saucer to keep soil moist. Parochetus HP 30-90 ˆ 50 Well drained 1/16" See No. 13. Passiflora HHP 30-365 ˆ 70-85 Peaty 1/4" See No. 13. Soak seed container occasionally. Pavonia GSh 30-60 ˆ 75 Peaty 1/16" Peanuts GA 7-21 70-75 Peaty 1/4" Sow and cover with plastic until germination. Peltiphyllum HP 30-90 L ˆ 55-60 Peaty S Keep water in saucer to keep soil moist. Penstemon HP 18-21 L 55-60 Well drained JC See No. 14 Pentas GP 25-40 70-75 Peaty S See No. 5 Peperomia GP 15-30 70-75 Peaty S See No. 5 Perilla HHA 15-30 L 65-75 Peaty S Petrea GSh 30-60 L 65-75 Peaty S Petunia HHA 10-21 L 70-75 Peaty S F1 hybrids and doubles may need 80°F to germinate. Phacelia HA 12-30 D 55-65 Well drained 1/4" Best sown in situ. Total dark required. Phaeomeria GP 30-90 ˆ 80 Well drained 1/8" Phaseolus GP 30-60 65-70 Well drained 1/16" Chip and soak. See Nos. 12 and 13. Philodendron GP 30-120 ˆ 75-80 Peaty 1/16" Phlomis HP 14-42 60 Well drained JC Phlox-Annual HHA 10-21 D 55-65 Peaty 1/16" Sow direct into pots, resents transplanting. Phlox-PerennialHP 25-30 D ˆ 70 Peaty 1/16" See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 weeks). Phormium HP 30-180 ˆ 60-65 Peaty JC Phuopsis HP 30-40 L 50-60 Well drained S Phygelius HP 10-14 70-75 Well drained JC Physalis HP 21-30 L 70 Well drained S Physostegia HP 21-30 55-75 Peaty JC Reduce soil temperature at night. Phyteuma HP 30-90 ˆ 55-65 Well drained JC See No. 6 Phytolacca HP 30-60 ˆ 65-70 Well drained 1/8" Pilea GP 14-60 L ˆ 65-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Pinguicula HHP 30-120 L ˆ 55 Peaty S See No. 5. Use a compost 1/2 peat and 1/2 sand. Pittosporum HHSh 30-60 55 Well drained 1/16" Put seeds in bag, dip in boiling water few secs. Platycodon HP 15-30 L 70 Well drained S Platystemon HA 14-30 55-65 Well drained 1/16 Sow in situ Plumbago GP 25-30 70 Well drained JC Plumeria GP 30-180 ˆ 65-75 Peaty 1/16" See No. 13. Podolepis HHA 21-30 L 65-70 Well drained S Podophyllum HP 30-180 L ˆ 55-60 Peaty JC Pre-chill for 3 wks. Keep always moist. Polemonium HP 20-25 70 Peaty 1/16" Reduce soil temperature at night. Polygala HSh 30-60 L 60-65 Well drained JC Polygonatum HP 30-545 ˆ 50 Well drained 1/16" See No. 6. Polygonum HP,HHA 21-60 ˆ 70-75 Peaty 1/16" Do not overwater Portulaca HHA 14-21 L 70-85 Well drained S Potentilla HP 14-30 65-70 Well drained JC Poterium HP 30-60 ˆ 50 Well drained JC See No. 6. Primula-IndoorsGA, GP 20-25 L ˆ 55-60 Peaty S P.Sinensis needs darkness for germination. Primula-OutdoorHP 21-40 L ˆ 60-65 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Proboscidia GA/HHA 15-42 ˆ 70-75 Peaty 1/4" Protea HHT 30-90 ˆ 65-75 Peaty 1/4" Sow immediately. Prunella HP 30-60 55-65 Well drained 1/16" Psidium 30-60 ˆ 70-75 Peaty JC See No. 13. Pulmonaria HP 30-42 60-65 Peaty JC Pulsatilla HP 30-180 ˆ 60-70 Well drained JC See No. 6. Remove 'tails' before sowing Pyrethum HHA, HP 30-60 ˆ 55 Well drained JC Doubleness of flowers increases in 2nd yr. Pyrola HSh 30-90 L ˆ 55 Peaty S
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Ramonda HP 30-60 L ˆ 55-60 Well drained S Ranunculus HP 30-90 ˆ 50 Well drained 1/16" See No. 6. Raoulia HP 30-90 L ˆ 55-60 Well drained S Ratibida HA/HB/HP 21-42 68-75 Well drained 1/8" Reduce soil temperature at night. Rechsteineria GBb 30-60 70 Well drained JC Rehmannia H/HHP 21-42 L 60-65 Well drained JC Reseda HB,HA 5-21 L 70 Well drained S Extra care required when transplanting. Rheum HP 21-42 60-65 Peaty 1/8" Rhodanthe HHA 14-30 75-80 Well drained JC Can be sown in situ Rhodochiton HHP 12-42 ˆ 60-65 Peaty JC Rhodohypoxis HP 30-90 ˆ 50 Well drained JC Lime free compost required. Rhoeo GP 14-60 65-70 Peaty JC See No. 13. (Soak for 1/2 hour). Ricinus HHA 15-21 70-75 Peaty 1/4" These seeds are poisonous. Rochea HHP 14-42 L 60-70 PBM S See No. 5. Rodgersia HP 12-60 L 55-60 Peaty S Roscoea HP 30-365 L ˆ 50-55 Well drained S See No. 16. Rothmannia HHSh 30-90 ˆ 70-75 Peaty 1/8" See No. 13. (Soak for 5 hours). Rudbeckia HHA, HP 5-21 L 70 Peaty S Fulgida See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 2 weeks). Ruella HP 30-60 ˆ 65-75 Peaty JC Ruta HP 30-42 60-65 Well drained JC
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Sagina HP 10-21 55 Well drained JC Saintpaulia GP 30-60 L ˆ 70-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Salpiglossis HHA 15-30 D ˆ 70-75 Peaty S Salvia HHA, HA 10-14 L ˆ 68-80 Well drained S For Patens Superba See No. 14. Pre-chill 3 wks. Sandersonia HHBb 30-90 ˆ 75 Well drained 1/8" See No. 13. Sanguinaria HP 30-90 ˆ 50-55 Well drained 1/16" Sanguisorba HP 30-60 50-55 Well drained S Sanvitalia HA 10-21 L 70 Well drained S Take care when transplanting. Saponaria HA,HP 10-21 L 70 Well drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Sarracenia HP 30-90 L ˆ 75-80 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill 7 days) then No. 5. Saxifraga HP 15-60 ˆ 65-75 Well drained JC See No. 6. Scabiosa HA 10-15 ˆ 70-75 Well drained 1/16" Schefflera GSh 20-30 75 Peaty 1/16" Schizanthus GA 7-14 D 60-75 Peaty S Schizopetalon HHA 6-21 60-65 Well drained 1/16" Schizostylis HBb 30-90 ˆ 55-60 Well drained 1/16" Scilla HP 30-180 ˆ 50 Peaty 1/16" See No. 6. Scutellaria HP 14-180 ˆ 50 Well drained JC Sedum HP 15-30 ˆ 50 Well drained S See No. 6. Sempervivum HP 15-30 ˆ 70 Well drained S Senecio HHA 10-21 L 65-75 Well drained 1/16" Setcreasia HHP 30-40 70 Peaty JC Shortia HP 30-60 ˆ 60-65 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Sidalcea HP 14-42 50 Well drained 1/8" Silene HP 15-20 70 Well drained JC Can be sown in situ. Silybum HA 14-21 55-60 Well drained 1/8" Can be sown in situ. Simmondsia HHT 14-21 65-70 Well drained JC See No. 13. (Soak for 12 hours). Sinningia GP 10-21 L 70 Peaty S Sisyrinchium HP 30-180 ˆ 50 Well drained 1/8" See No. 6. Smilacena HP 30-180 L ˆ 60-65 Peaty JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Smithiantha GP 15-40 L 75-77 Peaty S Very small seeds Solanum GP 15-21 L 70-80 Well drained S Place outdoors in summer for pollination. Soldanella HP 30-180 L ˆ 55-60 Well drained JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 weeks). Solidago HP 14-42 50 Well drained JC Sparaxis HBb 30-90 ˆ 50-55 Well drained 1/16" Sparmannia GSh 21-30 65-75 Peaty JC Specularia HA 12-30 - Well drained 1/16" Sow outdoors and thin out. Spigelia H/HHP 30-60 L 65-70 Well drained JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Stachys HP 15-30 L 70 Well drained JC Reduce soil temp at night. Grow on the dry side. Stapelia GP 7-30 L ˆ 65-70 Peaty S Use 1/2 peat 1/2 sand. Stenocarpus HHT 30-90 ˆ 65-75 Well drained JC Stephanotis GP 15-90 ˆ 75-80 Peaty 1/16" Keep the compost slightly moist. Stereospermum GSh 30-18O ˆ 65-75 Well drained JC Stocks HHA 10-14 L 55-60 Well drained S Can be sown in situ. Stokesia HP 25-30 70 Peaty 1/16" Strelitzia GP 30-180 ˆ 70-75 Sand S See No. 1. Soak up to 3 days, change water daily. Streptocarpus GP 15-30 L 55-65 Peaty S Very small seeds. See No. 5. Streptosolon HHSh 30-90 ˆ 55-65 Well drained 1/16" Stylomecon HA 14-21 - Well drained 1/16" Sow outdoors and thin out to 6". Succisa HP 10-21 ˆ 65-70 Well drained JC Sutherlandia H/HHSh 21-30 60-65 Well drained 1/16" See No. 13. (Soak for 3 hours). Sweet Pea HA 10-20 D 55-65 Peaty 1/4² File or soak seeds. See Nos. 12 and 13. Grow cool. Symphyandra HP 21-30 L 60-65 Well drained JC
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Tacca GP 30-270 ˆ 80-85 Peaty 1/8" Soak for 72 hours. See No. 13. Tacitus HHP 30-90 L ˆ 50-60 Well drained S Tecophilaea HBb 30-365 ˆ 50-55 Peaty 1/16" Keep compost slightly moist. Tellima HP 30-90 ˆ 55-60 Well drained S See No. 6. Tephrosia HP 21-42 65-70 Well drained JC Chip and soak. See Nos. 12 and 13. Tetranema GP 14-30 65-75 Peaty JC Teucrium HP 25-30 70 Well drained S Thalictrum HP 15-21 ˆ 50-60 Well drained 1/8" Thermopsis HP 15-30 70 Well drained 1/16" File or soak the seeds. See Nos. 12 and 13. Thunbergia HHA 14-21 ˆ 70-75 Peaty JC Keep the compost slightly moist. Thymus HP 15-30 L 55 Peaty S See No. 5. Tiarella HP 14-90 ˆ 50 Well drained S See No. 6. Tibouchina GSh 30-90 L ˆ 60-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Tigridia H/HHBb 30-90 55-60 Well drained 1/16" Tillandsia GP 30-90 L ˆ 60-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Tithonia HHA 5-14 L ˆ 70- Well drained S Torenia GA 15-30 L 70-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Townsendia HP 30-90 ˆ 60 Well drained 1/16" See No. 6. Trachelium HHP 15-21 L 55-60 Well drained S Trachymene HHA 15-30 D 70 Well drained 1/16" Transplant carefully. Tradescantia HP 30-40 70 Peaty JC Reduce soil temperature at night. Tree Fems HHP 30-120 L ˆ 65-70 Peaty S See No. 4. Trichosanthes HHA 14-30 65-75 Peaty 1" Sow singly in 2' pots. Tricyrtis HP 30-90 ˆ 65-70 Well drained 1/8" Keep compost slighty moist. Trillium HP 545+ ˆ 60-70 Well drained S See No. 15. Needs 2 periods 3+ mos in frig Tripteris HA 5-14 60-65 Well drained 1/8" Can be sown in situ. Trollius HP 30-365 ˆ 50 Well drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 2 weeks). Trop. SpeciosumHP 360-720 ˆ 55-60 Well drained JC Tropaeolum HA 10-15 55-65 Peaty 1/4" Can be sown in situ Tulipa HBb 60-90 ˆ 50 Well drained 1/8" See No. 6. Tunica HP 14-60 ˆ 50 Well drained 1/16 See No. 6. Tweedia GP 30-90 ˆ 75 Well drained JC
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Urospermum HP/HB 16-30 L 60-65 Well drained JC Ursinia HHA 14-30 55-60 Well drained JC Uvularia HP 30-180 ˆ 55-60 Peaty JC Vallota HHBb 30-60 65-70 Peaty 1/16" Veltheimia HHBb 30-90 ˆ 55-65 Peaty 1/16" Keep compost slightly moist Venidium HHA 6-14 60-65 Peaty 1/8" Veratrum HP 90-365 ˆ 55-60 Well drained 1/4² See No. 6 and No. 16. Verbascum HB,HP 14-30 55-60 Well drained 1/16" Can be grown in situ Verbena HHA,HP 14-90 D ˆ 65 Well drained 1/16" Bonariensis Venosa. See No. 14. Pre-chill 2 wks. Verbesina HHA 14-30 60-65 Well drained 1/8" Veronica HP 15-30 L 70 Peaty JC Reduce soil temperature at night. Veronicastrum HP 21-40 L 55-60 Well drained JC Vicia HP 21-40 65-70 Well drained JC Vinca GA 15-30 D ˆ 70-75 Peaty 1/16" Viola HP 14-21 D ˆ 65-75 Well drained 1/16" See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 2 weeks). Viscaria HA 10-21 60-65 Well drained JC Vriesia GP 7-90 L ˆ 60.7 Peaty S See No. 5.
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Wahlenbergia HHA 14-28 L 60-70 Well drained S Wallflower HB 10-14 65-70 Well drained 1/4" Sow in reserve bed, prick out to 6", plant in Oct. Waterlily GP 14-30 File seed, soak 75-85'F, change water 2x daily. Watsonia HBb 30-180 ˆ 55-65 Well drained 1/8" Keep the compost slimy moist. Xeranthemum HA 10-15 70 Well drained JC Transplant carefully. Xerophyllum HP 30-60 ˆ 55-60 Peaty JC
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Yucca HA 30-365 ˆ 65-75 Well drained JC Filamentosa germinates at 55°F. Zantedeschia HHP 30-90 L ˆ 70-80 Peaty S See No. 13. Keep compost quite moist. Zauschneria H/HHP 30-60 L 60-65 Well drained JC Zea HHA 5-14 70 Peaty 1/4" Sow seeds individually in peat pots. Zinnia HHA 10-24 75-80 Peaty 1/16" Sow seeds individually in peat pots.
Trees and Shrubs
Variety Type Germ Days Irr Temp Media Sow Depth Comments - Links Abies HT 21-30 L ˆ 68-75 Peaty S Soak overnight then pre-chill 21 days. (No. 14). Acer HT 30-365+ L ˆ 65-70 Peaty S Soak 2 days, No. 15, 2 mos warm moist, 2 mos fridge Ailanthus HT 30-90 L ˆ 50-60 Well drained S Chip, soak then No. 14 for 2 weeks. Akebia HSh 30-180 L ˆ 50-60 Peaty S See No. 14. (4 weeks). Albiza HSh/HT 30-90 ˆ 65-75 Well drained 1/8" Soak for 12 hours in tepid water before sowing. Amorpha HSh 30-120 ˆ 50-60 Well drained 1/16" Soak for 12 hours in tepid water before sowing. Andromeda HSh 30-60 L ˆ 50-60 Peaty S Keep soil moist - stand in saucer of water. Araucaria HT 30-60 D 55-60 Peaty 1/4" Sow immediately Arbutus HT 60-90 L ˆ 65-70 Peaty S See No. 14. (6-8 weeks). Arundinaria HSh 30-90 L ˆ 70 Peaty JC Keep soil moist - stand in saucer of water. Asterolasia HSh 30-180 ˆ 55-65 Well drained 1/16" Aucuba HSh 30-90 ˆ 65-70 Well drained 1/8" Azalea HSh 50-90 L ˆ 55-60 Peaty S See No. 5 or No. 6. Keep shaded from direct sun. Berberis HSh 60-180 L ˆ 50-65 Well drained S See No. 14. (8 weeks). Betula HT 30-90 L ˆ 65-75 Peaty S See No. 14. (10 weeks). Buddleia HSh 20-30 L 70-75 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 weeks). Bupleurum HSh 14-60 55-60 Well drained JC Calluna HSh 30-60 L ˆ 65-70 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 weeks). Calocedrus HT 30-90 L 50-60 Peaty JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 weeks). Camellia HSh 30-90 ˆ 70-75 Peaty 1/4² See No. 13 . May also benefit from No. 14. Caragana HSh 14-21 L 65-70 Well drained S See No. 13. Carpinus HT 30-365 L ˆ 65-70 Well drained S See No. 15. (1 mo at 70°F, 4 mos frig.) or No. 16. Caryopteris HSh 30-90 ˆ 65-70 Well drained JC Catalpa HT 14-30 L ˆ 60-70 Peaty S Give good ventilation to prevent damping off. Ceanothus HSh 30-60 L 65-70 Well drained S Soak overnight then treat as No. 14 for 2 wks. Cedrus HT 14-60 L ˆ 60-65 Well drained S Soak for 2-3 hrs then treat as No. 14 for 3 wks. Cephalotaxus HSh 14-60 ˆ 60-65 Peaty JC Cercis HSh 30-90 L ˆ 70-75 Well drained JC See No. 13. Soak in hot water, No. 14 for 2-3 mos. Chaenomeles HSh 70-90 L ˆ 55-65 Well drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 7-10 weeks). Chamaecyparis HT,HHT 30-60 L 50-60 Peaty JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Chimonanthus HSh 63-90 L ˆ 50-60 Well drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 5-8 weeks). Chionanthus HSh 30-180 L ˆ 60-70 Well drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 1 month) Cistus HSh 7-30 L 65-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Clerodendron HSh 60-90 L ˆ 65-70 Well drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4-6 weeks). Colutea HSh 7-21 65-70 Well drained 1/16² Chip and soak. See Nos. 12 and 13. Cordyline HHSh 30-60 ˆ 65-70 Peaty 1/16² Cornus HSh 90-730 L ˆ 50-60 Well drained S See No. 15. (2 mos 70°F, 3 mos in frig) or No. 16. Coronilla HHSh 30-60 65-75 Well drained JC Cotoneaster HSh 180-365 L ˆ 70 Acid Peaty S See No. 15. (3-5 mos 70°F, 3 mos frig) or No. 16. Crataegus HSh 180-730 L ˆ 50-60 Well drained S See No. 15. (3-5 mos 70°F, 3 mos frig) or No. 16. Crinodendron H/HHSh 30-120 ˆ 55-65 Well drained JC See No. 13. (Soak for 3 hours). Cryptomeria HT 30-60 ˆ 55-65 Peaty 1/16² Cupressus HT 30-90 L ˆ 65-75 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Cytisus HSh 25-30 L 70-75 Well drained S See No. 13. Do final transplant while still small. Daboecia HSh 30-120 L ˆ 55-65 Acid peat S Never allow compost to dry out. Daphne HSh 150- 365 L ˆ 50-60 Well drained S See No. 15.(2 mos at 70°F +3 mos frig) Davidia HT 300-365 ˆ 50-65 Peaty 1/4 See No. 15.(3-4 mos warm moist, 3-4 mos frig Decaisnea HSh 30-180 ˆ 55-60 Well drained 1/4 Elaeagnus HT/HSh 140-180 ˆ 50-65 Well drained 1/16 See No. 15.(4 weeks warm moist, 8-12 wks frig Enkianthus HSh 25-60 L ˆ 60-70 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 6 weeks). Erica HSh 30-60 L ˆ 65-70 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 weeks). Euonymus HSh 220-365 ˆ 50-65 Well drained 1/16 See No. 15.(8-12 wks warm moist, 8-16 wks frig Fagus HT 30-365 L ˆ 50-60 Well drained JC Soak o/night, No. 14 (pre-chill 6 wks), or No. 16. Forsythia HSh 30-90 55-65 Well drained JC FremontodendronHHSh/HSh 30-60 65-70 Well drained JC Fuchsia HSh 21-90 L ˆ 70-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Soak in rain water 3-4 days. Keep moist. Gaultheria HSh 30-60 L 65-70 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill 4-10 wks). Acid soils only. Genista HSh 14-30 55-65 Well drained JC See No. 13. Gingko HT 30-60 L ˆ 70-75 Peaty 1/8 See No. 14. (Pre-chill 8-10 weeks). Gleditschia HT 14-30 65-70 Well drained JC Chip and soak for 24 hours. See Nos. 12 - 13. Gymnocladus HT 30-90 ˆ 65-70 Well drained 1/4 Chip and soak for 24 hrs. See Nos. 12-13. Hamamelis HSh 270-365 L ˆ 50-60 Peaty 1/16 See No. 15. (3 mos at 70°F then 3 mos in fridge). Hebe HHSh 15-30 70 Peaty JC Hibiscus HSh 30-60 ˆ 70-75 Well drained 1/16 See No. 13. Hippophae HSh 30-180 L ˆ 55-65 Well drained JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 14 weeks). Holodiscus HSh 30-180 ˆ 60-65 Well drained S Indigofera HSh 30-60 65-70 Well drained 1/16 Pour nearly boiling water over seed and soak o/night. Jasminum HSh 20-30 70-75 Well drained JC Juglans HT 30-180 L ˆ 50-60 Peaty JC See No. 14. (2-3 weeks). Plant with dividing line up Juniperus HT 30-180 L ˆ 45-50 Peaty S Soak for 24 hrs. High temps prevent germination. Kalmia HSh 30-60 L ˆ 70 Sandy peat S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 months). Kalmiopsis HSh 30-60 L 65-70 Acid, sandy peatS Koelreuteria HT 30-60 L ˆ 55-65 Peaty JC See No. 13. Boiling water, then No.14, place in frig 3 wks. Kolwitzia HT 40-70 L ˆ 65-70 Well drained JC Soak for 24 hrs then See No. 14. Pre-chill for 4 wks Labumum HT 30-60 65-70 Well drained 1/16 Chip and soak. See Nos. 12 and 13. Larix HT 30-90 L ˆ 65-75 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 1 month). Laurus HT 40-90 L ˆ 50-60 Peaty JC Soak for 24 hours then See No. 14. Pre-chill 1 mo Ledum HSh 30-60 L ˆ 55-65 Acid peat S Leycesteria HSh 30-60 60-65 Sandy peat JC Liquidambar HT 14-365 L ˆ 65-75 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 mos). Don't dry out. Liriodendron HT 60-365 L ˆ 65-75 Peaty S See No. 16. Loiseleuria HSh 30-60 65-75 Well drained JC Lonicera HSh 180+ L ˆ 60-70 Well drained JC See No. 14. Place in frig for 3 mos. keep below 75°F. Magnolia HT 120+ L ˆ 50 Well drained JC See No. 14. Place in frig 4 months. Mahonia HSh 90-120 L ˆ 50 Peaty JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Malus HT 120-365 L ˆ 50 Peaty JC Soak for 24 hrs then No. 14. Pre-chill 14 wks Menziesia HSh 30-60 55 Sandy peat S Keep compost uniformly moist. Morus HT 14-30 L 65-75 Peaty S See No. 5. or See No. 14. Pre-chill 1-3 mos Myrtus HHSH 30-90 ˆ 55-65 Peaty JC See No. 13. Nyssa HT 90-365 L ˆ 50 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 months). Olea HHT/HT 30-120 ˆ 65-70 Well drained 1/8" Olearia H/HHSh 30-60 L 65-70 Well drained S Ostrya HT 365+ L ˆ 50-60 Well drained JC See No. 16. Paeonia HSh 270+ L ˆ 70 Well drained JC See No. 15. Parthenocissus HSh 60-180 L ˆ 60-70 Well drained JC See No. 13 then 14. (Pre-chill for 6 wks). Paulownia HT 30-60 L 55-70 Peaty S See No. 5 Philadelphus HSh 30-60 65-70 Well drained JC Phlomis HSh 30-90 ˆ 65-75 Well drained JC Phyllodoce HSh 30-60 L 55-65 Peaty S Picea HT 30-60 L ˆ 55 Well drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 21 days). Pieris HSh 30-70 L ˆ 65-70 Acid Peat S See No. 5. Pinus HT 30-60 L ˆ 55-65 Well drained S Soak seed, then No 14. (Pre-chill 6 weeks). Pittosporum HHSh 30-60 ˆ 55 Well drained 1/16" Put seeds in bag, dip in boiling water for few secs. Prunus HT 120-365 L ˆ 65-75 Well drained 1/16" Soak o/night then No. 14. Pre-chill 4 mos Pseudotsuga HT 30-180 L ˆ 75 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 8 weeks). Ptelia HSh/HT 80-120 55-60 Well drained 1/8" See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Punica HHSH 30-40 L 70-75 Well drained S See No. 13 Pyracantha HSh 40-180 L ˆ 50 Peaty JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 6 weeks). Quercus HT 120-365 L ˆ 50 Peaty JC Soak for 24 hrs, then No. 14. Pre-chill 3 mos Rhododendron HSh 50-90 L ˆ 55-60 Acid Peat S See No. 6. Keep shaded from direct sun. Rhodotypos HSh 365+ L ˆ 55-65 Peaty JC See No. 15. (3 mos 70°F +3 mos chill +3 mos 70°F). Rhus HSh 30-90 ˆ 65-70 Well drained JC Chip or soak. See Nos. 12 and 13. Robinia HT 7-30 L 65-75 Well drained S See No. 13. Soak in hand hot water. Rosa HSh 30-365+ L ˆ 55 Well drained JC See No. 16 or No. 14. (Pre-chill 3 months). Santolina HSh 15-30 65-70 Well drained JC Sarcococca HSh 30-120 55-65 Peaty JC Sequoia HT 7-60 L ˆ 65-70 Peaty S Skimmia HSh 30-180 L ˆ 50-60 Acid Peat S Soak overnight then No. 14. (Pre-chill 4 wks). Sophora HT 10-21 70-85 Well drained JC Chip and oak seeds. See Nos. 12 and 13. Sorbus HT 120-180 L ˆ 65-70 Well drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill 4 months). Spartium HSh 7-30 70 Well drained JC Chip and soak. See Nos. 12 and 13. Spiraea HSh 30-40 55-65 Well drained JC Styrax HSh 30-90 ˆ 55-65 Well drained JC Syringa HSh 14-60 L 70 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Tamarix HSh 30-50 L 65-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Taxodium HT 14-60 L 70 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 30 days). Taxus HT 365+ L ˆ 70 Peaty JC See No. 15. (3 mos 70°F + 3 mos chill + 3 mos 70°F). Thuja HSh 14-60 L ˆ 55 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 weeks). Trachycarpus HT 40-90 L ˆ 55-65 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 weeks). Tsuga HT 7-60 L ˆ 60 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 months). Ulex HSh 14-21 65-75 Well drained JC See No. 13. Vaccinium HSh 365+ L ˆ 65-75 Acid Peat S See No. 16. Viburnum HSh 240-540 L ˆ 70 Well drained JC See No. 15. (3 mos 70°F + 3 mos chill + 3 mos 70°F). Wistaria HSh 30-60 55-65 Well drained 1/8" Chip and soak in hand-hot water See Nos. 12 and 13. Zelkova HT 14-60 L ˆ 50-70 Peaty S See No. 5 or No. 14. (Pre-chill for 2 weeks).