Egyptian Tomb Robbers were an ingenious bunch, and managed to get through the defences of many pyramids, that were supposed to defend the pharaohs' mummy for thousands of years.
Pyramid builders would frequently make the final block that sealed a section out of obsidian or quartzite, two of the hardest rocks around.
One of the techniques for getting through such rocks was 'Fire and Water'. Light a big fire next to the block, keep it burning for a long as you can (hours) get it really really hot then quench it. The rock cracks and fragments.
A demonstration of this occured in a scrapyard under a bridge over the M1, recently. The concrete bridge was heated up by the fire, and constantly quenced by the Fire Brigade. Large amounts of it dropped off.